How Do Storms & Winds Effect Birds?

Storms are common occurrences in the U.K. but how does stormy weather and high winds effect birds? While they can be thrilling to watch, storms pose significant challenges for local wildlife, especially birds. This blog will explore how stormy weather and high winds effect birds; their behaviour, nests, food and water sources, and what we can do to support them. We will also consider whether birdwatching during storms is worthwhile and what one might expect to see.

When storms approach, birds instinctively seek shelter. In the wild, most birds will retreat to dense vegetation, tree canopies, or sheltered areas to protect themselves from the elements. Species such as robins, blackbirds, and wrens tend to find refuge in shrubs or hedgerows, where they can avoid strong winds and rain.

Birds are adept at handling various weather conditions, but extreme winds can disrupt their regular flight patterns. Many smaller birds may refrain from flying altogether during heavy storms, as the risk of being blown off course increases. Larger birds, like raptors and seabirds, are better equipped to handle gusty winds but still face challenges in maintaining stable flight.

During particularly high winds, birds might also take advantage of the turbulence to gain altitude quickly using less energy, although landing safely becomes a challenge. They may delay their migration or foraging activities until conditions improve.

Effects on Nests

One main concern during storms is the impact on bird nests. Many species build their nests in trees or on the ground, making them vulnerable to wind and rain. High winds can dislodge nests or destroy them entirely, especially for those built in exposed locations. For example, songbirds like great tits and blue tits often create nests in tree cavities or dense foliage, but high winds can blow these nests out of trees or cause branches to collapse.

The destruction of nests not only threatens individual birds but can also have broader implications for population stability. Birds may have to re-nest if their original nests are lost, which can be especially detrimental if storms occur late in the breeding season. Additionally, eggs can be damaged or washed away in flooding.

Storms can disrupt the availability of food and water sources for birds. Rain can wash away insects and expose their patterns and habitats. Flooded fields can lead to food scarcity for ground-feeding species like thrushes. In heavily affected agricultural areas, crops are also damaged, further reducing food supplies.

During storms, water sources may become muddied or contaminated. Ponds and streams can overflow, creating temporary lakes that become barriers rather than resources. Birds that rely heavily on freshwater sources for drinking may struggle during and right after a storm until waters clear and normal levels restore.

Conversely, coastal birds may benefit as storms stir up nutrients in the water and provide food sources washed up from the ocean. For instance, storms can bring about an influx of marine organisms along shorelines, benefitting seabirds.

Being proactive about helping birds can make a significant difference during stormy conditions. Here are some ways you can help:

Setting up feeders stocked with seeds, nuts, and dried fruits can help birds sustain energy when natural food sources are lacking. Suet cakes can also offer high-energy nutrition for birds during harsh weather. Make sure that feeders are sturdy enough to withstand high winds and are positioned in sheltered spots.

If you have a garden, consider planting dense shrubs and providing brush piles or natural cover to offer safe refuge for birds. Nest boxes can also help protect certain species if placed securely.

Avoid Disturbing Wildlife

During storms, keep a respectful distance from nesting areas and refrain from unnecessarily disturbing birds when they are seeking shelter. Keeping pets indoors during severe weather can reduce stress on local wildlife.

If you have birdbaths in your garden, regularly clean them and ensure they are filled with fresh water. Clean water is vital, particularly when storm conditions prevent birds from accessing natural water sources.

While birdwatching during storms might seem counterintuitive, it can be an exciting and rewarding experience for those who understand the behaviors of birds during such weather. However, preparations and precautions are necessary.

What to Consider

1. Gear Up: If you do decide to go birdwatching during a storm, make sure you have proper gear, including waterproof clothing, sturdy footwear, and binoculars that are waterproof or water-resistant. 

2. Stay Safe: Be cautious of strong winds, and avoid open areas such as cliffs or coastlines where wind gusts can be severe. It may be wise to stick to sheltered paths and locations.

3. Look for Activity: Watch for birds that are still active. Some species may adapt behaviourally during storms. For example, gulls may be seen, taking advantage of turbulent winds, while other birds may be spotted seeking shelter.

What You May See

During storms, you may notice certain species behaving differently. Larger birds, like starlings and crows, may be more visible as they navigate through the wind. Seabirds, like fulmars and petrels, might show fascinating flight styles adapted to high winds.

You might also catch glimpses of birds stripped of their usual camouflage, flaunting their true colors against the stormy backdrop. The contrasting environment can make birdwatching unique, with different opportunities to see how these resilient creatures respond.

Conclusion

Storms and high winds present lots of challenges for U.K. birds, from seeking shelter to preserving nests and finding food. While storms can have negative effects on their habitats and resources, being aware of their needs enables individuals to provide much-needed support during harsh weather conditions.

Whether through thoughtful bird-friendly practices in your garden or safe birdwatching endeavors during storms, we can all play a part in ensuring these magnificent creatures thrive despite the tempestuous nature of their environments. As ornithologists remind us, resilience is key, and birds will continue to adapt as they always have. Their ability to navigate through life’s storms is a testament to their adaptability—and our commitment to helping them through difficult times can contribute to their ongoing survival.

If you decide to venture out for some birdwatching during a storm, we wish you happy birdwatching! Remember to stay safe, respect the wild, and share your stories and photos with us on Facebook and Instagram!